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How it works?

Client knocks at the servers door. Server sends public key.
Client checks if he knows the public key according to ˜/.ssh/known_host and if not it can be added by manual confirmation –> the server becomes accepted.

Client and server negotiate based on the ‘Deffie-Hellman-Algorithm’ an session key, that is shared equally and used for encryption & decryption.

Client sends and ID for a key pair (public/private). Server generates a random number, encrypts it with the public key and sends it to the client.
Client decrypts the number with the private key, calculates an MD5 hash and sends it to the server. The server compares the MD5 hash with and own calculated MD5 hash based on the original random number and identifies the client.

SSH without entering a password

Generate a public key with 8192 bit and use no password (just type enter):

ssh-keygen -b 8192

Upload the public key to the server:

ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub user@server

Test the connection:

ssh 'user@server'

Initialising

Go into your local folder and make it suitable for git.

git init

Build a connection between local and remote repository.

git remote add origin https://github.com/wofuerGitHub/Fundamentals_Overview.git

Create a remote git-repository – easiest to remember – with the same folder name.

Add all local files.

git add .

Create a first commit called “init”.

git commit -m "init"

With the first upload define the standard branch.

git push --force --set-upstream origin master

Information about the repository-status

Getting all available information about the repository.

git status

Push local changes

To push your local changes to the repository.

git add .
git commit -m "message"
git push

Pull remote changes

To get the newest changes in the repository to your local storage.

git pull

Clone repository

To get a complete repository locally installed.

git clone https://github.com/wofuerGitHub/Fundamentals_Overview.git

Further information

Special thanks to Roger Dudler and Thomas Leister for their instructions.